Translation, Transcultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire for Scoliosis (BR-BIDQ-S).

Objective The Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire for Scoliosis (BIDQ-S) for scoliosis derives from the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) with specific adaptation for scoliosis patients. Despite its significance and applicability, this instrument has never been translated into Brazilian Portuguese. The current study aimed to translate, transculturally adapt, and validate the BIDQ-S into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods BIDQ-S was translated and culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese using the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) criteria. The questionnaire validation relied on internal consistency and comparison with the Cobb angle, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-22). The Brazilian version (BR-)BIDQ-S validation occurred in a sample of 35 adolescents with scoliosis waiting for specialized treatment. Results Internal consistency of the BR-BIDQ-S was 0.899 according to the Cronbach's index (i.e., virtually perfect). Although BR-BIDQ-S did not correlate with the Cobb angle, it presented correlations with the Physical, Emotional, and Social domains from the PedsQL and the Function/Activity domain from the SRS-22. Conclusion BR-BIDQ-S was reliable in evaluating the body image of adolescents with scoliosis, presenting an internal consistency of 0,899 (virtually perfect). Moreover, similar to the original instrument, it correlated with PedsQL and SRS-22.

Cross-cultural Validation of the Health Mindset Scale for Brazil.

Objective To cross-culturally validate the Health Mindset Scale for Brazil, as well as adapt the terms and questionnaires for adequate understanding of Brazilians, using factor analysis as an instrument to validate its reliability. Methods Cross-cultural validation of the Health Mindset Scale into Brazilian Portuguese using the Beaton method, Cronbach's alpha calculation and factor analysis Results The sample consisted of 215 patients aged between 18 and 87 years (M = 41.98; SD = 15.72), with a mean age between 31 and 50 years (42.0%), and female (52 .6%), a marginally significant difference (p < 0.10) between men and women was observed for item 3. In this item, men's mean (M = 5.48; SD = 0.99) was higher than the average for women (M = 5.10; SD = 1.22), with a small effect size for the difference (d = 0.26). Pearson's r correlation coefficient was examined between the mean score and age (r = -0.21; p = 0.002), the result of which indicated a weak, negative and significant linear relationship. The older the age, the lower the average score on the Health Mindset Scale. Conclusion The version of the health-focused mindset scale for Brazilian Portuguese was introduced and cross-culturally validated, demonstrating good reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.786. Consequently, it constitutes a new instrument for clinical practice and can be correlated with established scales in the literature.

CORRELATION BETWEEN TYPES OF MINDSET AND QUALITY OF LIFE EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH SCOLIOSIS.

Scoliosis is a pathology with multiple etiologies that leads to aesthetic changes, increased morbidity and, especially, psychological damage. Objective: This work aims to compare two mindset types (fixed and growth) and assess levels of quality of life in individuals with scoliosis. Methods: Two questionnaires, Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) and Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associated with the "Health Mindset Scale," were used. We applied the SRS-30 to patients who were independent or whose diagnosis of spinal deformity occurred after the age of 10 years. For patients diagnosed before the age of 10 or who presented dependence due to cognitive impairment, caregivers were subjected to the "Health Mindset Scale" and EOSQ-24 questionnaires. Results: The sample consisted of 35 patients aged from 4 to 46 years, the majority aged from 15 to 18 years old (42.9%), female (71.4%), and with neuromuscular scoliosis (28.6%). The only significant result (p = 0.060) was the increase in pain/discomfort scores in the EOSQ-24 for a patient with a growth mindset. Lastly, there was no statistical difference between groups, however, in patients with a growth mindset, there was a tendency (p = 0.060) to have a higher pain/discomfort score, assessed via the EOSQ-24 score, reported by the caregiver. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study.

A escoliose é uma patologia com múltiplas etiologias e que acarreta alterações estéticas, aumento de morbidade e principalmente danos psicológicos. Objetivo: Comparar dois tipos de mindset (fixo e construtivo) e o nível de qualidade de vida. Métodos: Foram utilizados dois questionários, o Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) e o Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associados à escala Health Mindset Scale. Aplicamos o SRS-30 em pacientes independentes ou cujo diagnóstico de deformidade na coluna ocorreu após os 10 anos. Já no caso de pacientes com diagnóstico antes dos 10 anos ou que apresentassem dependência devido a dificuldades cognitivas, os cuidadores foram submetidos à Health Mindset Scale e ao EOSQ-24. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 35 pacientes com idades entre 4 e 46 anos, sendo a maioria entre 15 e 18 anos (42,9%), do sexo feminino (71,4%) e com escoliose do tipo neuromuscular (28,6%). O único resultado com significância (p = 0,060) foi o aumento dos escores de dor/desconforto nos questionários EOSQ-24 em paciente com mindset de crescimento. Por fim, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, porém, em pacientes com mindset construtivo, houve tendência (p = 0,060) de maior escore de dor/desconforto avaliado por meio do EOSQ-24 e referido pelo cuidador. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo Comparativo.

Health-Related Predictive Factors of Brazilian Children With Early Onset Scoliosis Using the EOSQ-24 and CHQ-PF50 Questionnaires.

BACKGROUND: Assessing the quality of life (QOL) of children with early onset scoliosis (EOS) has been discussed recently. Therefore, the study aimed to apply and correlate the 24-item Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ-24) with the 50-item Childhood Health Questionnaire (CHQ-PF50) to find predictive factors impacting QOL. METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving a population of caregivers of patients with EOS. The sample consisted of 72 patients. Two research assistants applied the Portuguese version of the EOSQ-24 and CHQ-PF50 in 3 treatment centers. The EOSQ-24 assesses the subjective response of children with EOS from the parent's point of view. The CHQ is a self-administered questionnaire or parental proxy assessment of the psychological and social status of children aged 5 to 18 years. RESULTS: Of 72 patients, 41 (56.9%) were females, mean age of 11.9 ± 4.2 years. The most common scoliosis was of neuromuscular origin (32%). The CHQ-PF50 showed that family-related items had significant scores. The most affected subcategory was physical function (45.5), and the least affected was mental health (90.8). Thus, the CHQ-PF50 PhS summary index was 27, and the CHQ-PF50 PsS was 71.7. Moreover, the critical categories for the EOSQ-24 questionnaire were daily life and physical function (45.1 and 47.8, respectively), and the least affected categories were transfer and pulmonary function (70.8 and 68.9, respectively). Four subcategories showed a strong correlation between both questionnaires: general health (r = 0.749, P < 0.001), physical function (r = 0.645, P < 0.001), bodily pain (r = 0.714, P < 0.001), and mental health (r = 0.424, P < 0.001). Using CHQ-PF50 as a dependent variable in multiple regression analysis (P = 0.028), the only variable affecting the scores was syndromic scoliosis (P = 0.019; 95% CI -27.4 to -2.5). CONCLUSION: A strong correlation between both questionnaires was seen for general health, physical function, bodily pain, and mental health. Syndromic scoliosis was a predictor of worse QOL according to the CHQ-PF50.

Systematic Review of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Low Back Pain.

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) has a high economic burden and is strongly related to the degenerative process of the spine, especially in the intervertebral disc and of the facet joints. Numerous treatment modalities have been proposed for the management of LBP, and the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as an innovative therapeutic option for degenerative disease of the spine. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of PRP injections in managing low back pain. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations, a registered at PROSPERO Systematic Reviews Platform, under number CRD42021268491. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched to identify relevant articles, along with hand searching to identify gray literature articles, with no language restrictions. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), nonrandomized trials (NRTs), and case series (CSs) with more than 10 patients were considered eligible. The quality assessment and the risk of bias of the randomized clinical trials were evaluated using the RoB II tool. An evaluation of the description of the preparation methods was performed using an adapted version of the MIBO checklist. RESULTS: An electronic database search resulted in 2324 articles, and after the exclusion of noneligible articles, 13 RCTs and 27 NRTs or CSs were analyzed. Of the 13 RCTs, 11 found favorable results in comparison to the control group in pain and disability, one showed no superiority to the control group, and one was discontinued because of the lack of therapeutic effect at eight-week evaluation. Description of the PRP preparation techniques were found in almost all papers. The overall risk of bias was considered high in 2 papers and low in 11. An adapted MIBO checklist showed a 72.7% compliance rate in the selected areas. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic review, we analyzed articles from English, Spanish and Russian language, from large databases and grey literature. PRP was in general an effective and safe treatment for degenerative LPB. Positive results were found in almost studies, a small number of adverse events were related, the risk of bias of the RCTs was low. Based on the evaluation of the included studies, we graded as level II the quality of the evidence supporting the use of PRP in LBP. Large-scale, multicenter RCTs are still needed to confirm these findings.

Personalized Interventional Surgery of the Lumbar Spine: A Perspective on Minimally Invasive and Neuroendoscopic Decompression for Spinal Stenosis.

Pain generator-based lumbar spinal decompression surgery is the backbone of modern spine care. In contrast to traditional image-based medical necessity criteria for spinal surgery, assessing the severity of neural element encroachment, instability, and deformity, staged management of common painful degenerative lumbar spine conditions is likely to be more durable and cost-effective. Targeting validated pain generators can be accomplished with simplified decompression procedures associated with lower perioperative complications and long-term revision rates. In this perspective article, the authors summarize the current concepts of successful management of spinal stenosis patients with modern transforaminal endoscopic and translaminar minimally invasive spinal surgery techniques. They represent the consensus statements of 14 international surgeon societies, who have worked in collaborative teams in an open peer-review model based on a systematic review of the existing literature and grading the strength of its clinical evidence. The authors found that personalized clinical care protocols for lumbar spinal stenosis rooted in validated pain generators can successfully treat most patients with sciatica-type back and leg pain including those who fail to meet traditional image-based medical necessity criteria for surgery since nearly half of the surgically treated pain generators are not shown on the preoperative MRI scan. Common pain generators in the lumbar spine include (a) an inflamed disc, (b) an inflamed nerve, (c) a hypervascular scar, (d) a hypertrophied superior articular process (SAP) and ligamentum flavum, (e) a tender capsule, (f) an impacting facet margin, (g) a superior foraminal facet osteophyte and cyst, (h) a superior foraminal ligament impingement, (i) a hidden shoulder osteophyte. The position of the key opinion authors of the perspective article is that further clinical research will continue to validate pain generator-based treatment protocols for lumbar spinal stenosis. The endoscopic technology platform enables spine surgeons to directly visualize pain generators, forming the basis for more simplified targeted surgical pain management therapies. Limitations of this care model are dictated by appropriate patient selection and mastering the learning curve of modern MIS procedures. Decompensated deformity and instability will likely continue to be treated with open corrective surgery. Vertically integrated outpatient spine care programs are the most suitable setting for executing such pain generator-focused programs.

Time to surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: How long does it take? A multicenter study.

Study design: Retrospective review of multicentric data. Objectives: To estimate the time from initial visit to surgery in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients and the main reasons for the time to surgery in a multicenter study. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 509 patients with AIS from 16 hospitals across six Latin American countries. From each hospital's deformity registry, the following patient data were extracted: demographics, main curve Cobb angle, Lenke Classification at the initial visit and time of surgery, time from indication-for-surgery to surgery, curve progression, Risser skeletal-maturity score and causes for surgical cancelation or delay. Surgeons were asked if they needed to change the original surgical plan due to curve progression. Data also were collected on each hospital's waiting list numbers and mean delay to AIS surgery. Results: 66.8% of the patients waited over six months and 33.9% over a year. Waiting time was not impacted by the patient's age when surgery first became indicated (p = 0.22) but waiting time did differ between countries (p < 0.001) and hospitals (p < 0.001). Longer time to surgery was significantly associated with increasing magnitude of the Cobb angle through the second year of waiting (p < 0.001). Reported causes for delay were hospital-related (48.4%), economic (47.3%), and logistic (4.2%). Oddly, waiting time for surgery did not correlate with the hospital's reported waiting-list lengths (p = 0.57). Conclusion: Prolonged waits for AIS surgery are common in Latin America, with rare exceptions. At most centers, patients wait over six months, most commonly for economic and hospital-related reasons. Whether this directly impacts surgical outcomes in Latin America still must be studied.

THORACOLOMBAR BURST FRACTURES: SHORT FIXATION, WITHOUT ARTHRODESIS AND WITHOUT REMOVAL OF THE IMPLANT.

Objectives: To present the functional outcomes, through the first case series in our country, of patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures (A3,A4), submitted to short posterior fixation, without arthrodesis and without removal of the implants, until the end of the minimum follow-up of one year. Methods: Fifty five patients consecutively treated between January/2010 and January/2019 were evaluated through medical records and imaging exams. Radiographic analysis was performed by mea suring local and segmental kyphosis using the Cobb method. Functional assessment was analyzed using the non-specific SF-36 questionnaire and the 1983 Denis pain and work-specific questionnaire, applied after 12 months of follow-up. Results: With a loss of five patients (9%), 22 (44%) patients reported having minimal and occasional pain and 8 (16%) patients reported having no pain. Three (6%) patients responded that they were completely incapacitated. Patients had a mean score of 73.16 points in the SF-36 domains. There was a significant reduction in kyphosis in 12 months (9.1±5.2 [min-max 0-22]) compared to the preoperative period (14.9±7.8 [min-max 0-32]) ( p≤0.01). One patient required implant removal due to the symptomatic prominence of the implant. Conclusion: This case series suggests that the technique leads to satisfactory functional results, without implant failure or significant kyphosis after a minimum follow-up of 12 months of treatment. Evidence Level IV; Case series.

Objetivo: Apresentar os desfechos funcionais, mediante primeira série de casos no nosso meio, de pacientes com fratura toracolombar do tipo explosão (A3, A4), submetidos a fixação posterior curta, sem artrodese e sem retirada dos implantes, até o final do acompanhamento mínimo de um ano. Métodos: Foram avaliados, por meio de prontuários e exames de imagem, 55 pacientes consecutivamente tratados entre Janeiro/2010 e Janeiro/2019. A análise radiográfica foi realizada medindo a cifose local e segmentar, pelo método de Cobb. A avaliação funcional analisada por meio do questionário inespecífico SF-36 e questionário específico de dor e trabalho de Denis de 1983, aplicados após os 12 meses de seguimento. Resultados: Com perda de cinco pacientes (9%), 22 (44%) pacientes relataram ter dor mínima e ocasional e 8 (16%) pacientes responderam não ter dor. Três (6%) pacientes responderam que estavam completamente incapacitados. Os pacientes tiveram uma pontuação média de 73,16 pontos nos domínios do SF-36. Houve redução significativa da cifose em 12 meses (9,1±5,2 [min-máx 0-22]) na comparação com o pré-operatório (14,9±7,8 [min-máx 0-32]) (p≤0,01). Um paciente necessitou de retirada do implante em razão da proeminência sintomática do implante. Conclusão: Esta série de casos sugere que a técnica leva a resultados funcionais satisfatórios, sem falha do implante ou cifose pós-traumática após acompanhamento mínimo de 12 meses de tratamento. Nível de Evidência IV; Série de casos.

The Relative Lymphocyte Count is Lower when the Etiological Agent in Pott Disease is Successfully Isolated.

Objective To describe the clinico-epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of tuberculous spondylodiscitis in the Brazilian population, and to assess whether there are differences between patients in whom the etiological agent in Pott disease was isolated or not. Methods Patients diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) of the spine (Pott disease) underwent follow-up between 2009 and 2019 at a quaternary hospital and were divided into 2 groups: successful isolation (SI) of the etiological agent (through bacilloscopy, culture, or positive molecular rapid test) and unsuccessful isolation (UI) of the etiological agent. Results From a total of 26 patients diagnosed with TB of the spine, 21 (80.7%) were male, with a mean age of 40 ± 22.5 years. The average lymphocyte counts were higher in the UI group (25.35 ± 13.08; p = 0.025) compared to the SI group (14.18 ± 7.48). Moreover, the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio was lower in the UI group (0.39 ± 0.22; p = 0.009) than in the SI group (0.89 ± 0.65). Relative lymphocyte counts higher than or equal to 16.7 had a sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 62.5% in the UI group. Values higher than or equal to 0.58 for the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio showed a sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 75.0% in the UI group. Conclusion No differences were observed regarding the clinico-epidemiological and radiological characteristics of the two experimental groups. However, the UI group had higher lymphocyte counts and a lower monocyte/lymphocyte ratio.

Spinal Cord Alignment in Patients with Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture.

Objective To evaluate the spinopelvic alignment in patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBF) without neurological deficit treated nonsurgically and surgically in a tertiary reference trauma hospital. Method Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with single level, type A3 and A4 AOSpine TBF only of the thoracolumbar region. Analysis of clinical data, low back pain (visual analogue scale [VAS]), Denis Pain Scale, quality of life (SF-36), sagittal (TC, TLC, LL, SVA) and spinopelvic (IP, PV, SI, PI-LL) radiographic parameters of patients treated surgically and nonsurgically. Results A total of 50 individuals with an average age of 50 years old with a mean follow-up of 109 months (minimum of 19 and maximum of 306 months) were evaluated. There was a significant difference between treatments for the Denis Work Scale ( p = 0.046) in favor of nonsurgical treatment. There was no significant difference between the treatments for lower back pain VAS and Denis Pain Scale ( p = 0.468 and p = 0.623). There was no significant difference between treatments in any of the domains evaluated with the SF-36 ( p > 0.05). Radiographic parameters were not different between the analyzed groups; however, all radiographic parameters showed significant difference between the population considered asymptomatic, except for pelvic incidence ( p < 0.005). Conclusions The spinopelvic alignment was normal in patients with TBF without neurological deficit treated nonsurgically and surgically after a minimum follow-up of 19 months. However, they presented a higher mean pelvic version and discrepancy between lumbar lordosis and pelvic incidence when compared with the reference values of the Brazilian population.

The Relative Lymphocyte Count is Lower when the Etiological Agent in Pott Disease is Successfully Isolated / O número relativo de linfócitos é menor quando o agente etiológico da doença de Pott é isolado com sucesso

Abstract Objective To describe the clinico-epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of tuberculous spondylodiscitis in the Brazilian population, and to assess whether there are differences between patients in whom the etiological agent in Pott disease was isolated or not. Methods Patients diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) of the spine (Pott disease) underwent follow-up between 2009 and 2019 at a quaternary hospital and were divided into 2 groups: successful isolation (SI) of the etiological agent (through bacilloscopy, culture, or positive molecular rapid test) and unsuccessful isolation (UI) of the etiological agent. Results From a total of 26 patients diagnosed with TB of the spine, 21 (80.7%) were male, with a mean age of 40 ± 22.5 years. The average lymphocyte counts were higher in the UI group (25.35 ± 13.08; p= 0.025) compared to the SI group (14.18 ± 7.48). Moreover, the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio was lower in the UI group (0.39 ± 0.22; p= 0.009) than in the SI group (0.89 ± 0.65). Relative lymphocyte counts higher than or equal to 16.7 had a sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 62.5% in the UI group. Values higher than or equal to 0.58 for the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio showed a sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 75.0% in the UI group. Conclusion No differences were observed regarding the clinico-epidemiological and radiological characteristics of the two experimental groups. However, the UI group had higher lymphocyte counts and a lower monocyte/lymphocyte ratio.

Resumo Objetivo Descrever as características clínico-epidemiológicas, laboratoriais e radiológicas da espondilodiscite tuberculosa na população brasileira e avaliar se há diferenças entre pacientes em que o agente etiológico da doença de Pott foi isolado ou não. Métodos Os pacientes diagnosticados com tuberculose (TB) da coluna (doença de Pott) foram acompanhados em um hospital quaternário entre 2009 e 2019 e divididos em 2 grupos: isolamento positivo (IP) do agente etiológico (por baciloscopia, cultura ou teste rápido molecular positivo) e isolamento negativo (IN) do agente etiológico. Resultados De um total de 26 pacientes com diagnóstico de TB da coluna, 21 (80,7%) eram do sexo masculino, e a média de idade era de 40 ± 22,5 anos. As contagens médias de linfócitos foram maiores no grupo IN (25,35 ± 13,08; p= 0,025) do que no grupo IP (14,18 ± 7,48). Além disso, a relação monócito/linfócito foi menor no grupo IN (0,39 ± 0,22; p= 0,009) do que no grupo IP (0,89 ± 0,65). O número relativo de linfócitos maior ou igual a 16,7 teve sensibilidade de 76,9% e especificidade de 62,5% no grupo IN. A razão monócito/linfócito maior ou igual a 0,58 teve sensibilidade de 84,6% e especificidade de 75,0% no grupo IN. Conclusão Não observamos diferenças em relação às características clínico-epidemiológicas e radiológicas entre os dois grupos experimentais. No entanto, o grupo IN apresentou maior número de linfócitos e menor razão monócito/linfócito.

Spinal Cord Alignment in Patients with Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture / Alinhamento espinopélvico em pacientes com fratura toracolombar explosão

Abstract Objective To evaluate the spinopelvic alignment in patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBF) without neurological deficit treated nonsurgically and surgically in a tertiary reference trauma hospital. Method Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with single level, type A3 and A4 AOSpine TBF only of the thoracolumbar region. Analysis of clinical data, low back pain (visual analogue scale [VAS]), Denis Pain Scale, quality of life (SF-36), sagittal (TC, TLC, LL, SVA) and spinopelvic (IP, PV, SI, PI-LL) radiographic parameters of patients treated surgically and nonsurgically. Results A total of 50 individuals with an average age of 50 years old with a mean follow-up of 109 months (minimum of 19 and maximum of 306 months) were evaluated. There was a significant difference between treatments for the Denis Work Scale (p= 0.046) in favor of nonsurgical treatment. There was no significant difference between the treatments for lower back pain VAS and Denis Pain Scale (p= 0.468 and p= 0.623). There was no significant difference between treatments in any of the domains evaluated with the SF-36 (p> 0.05). Radiographic parameters were not different between the analyzed groups; however, all radiographic parameters showed significant difference between the population considered asymptomatic, except for pelvic incidence (p< 0.005). Conclusions The spinopelvic alignment was normal in patients with TBF without neurological deficit treated nonsurgically and surgically after a minimum follow-up of 19 months. However, they presented a higher mean pelvic version and discrepancy between lumbar lordosis and pelvic incidence when compared with the reference values of the Brazilian population.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o alinhamento espinopélvico em pacientes com fratura toracolombar do tipo explosão (FTE) sem déficit neurológico tratados de forma não operatória e operatória em um hospital terciário de referência em trauma. Método Estudo transversal retrospectivo de pacientes com FTE apenas da região toracolombar, de nível único, do tipo A3 e A4 AOSpine. Análise de dados clínicos, dor lombar (escala visual analógica [EVA]), Escala de Denis, qualidade de vida (SF-36), parâmetros radiográficos sagitais (cifose torácica [CT], cifose toracolombar [CTL], lordose lombar [LL] e eixo vertical sagital [EVS]) e espinopélvicos (incidência pélvica [IP], versão pélvica [VP], inclinação sacral [IS] e a discrepância entre incidência pélvica e lordose lombar [IP-LL]) de pacientes tratados de forma operatória e não operatória. Resultados O presente estudo avaliou um total de 50 indivíduos com uma média de 50 anos de idade com acompanhamento médio de 109 meses (mínimo de 19 e máximo de 306 meses). Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para Denis trabalho (p= 0,046) a favor do tratamento não operatório. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para EVA dor lombar e Denis dor (p= 0,468 e p= 0,623). Não houve diferença significante entre os tratamentos em nenhum dos domínios avaliados do SF-36 (p> 0,05). Parâmetros radiográficos não se mostraram diferentes entre os grupos analisados; contudo, todos os parâmetros radiográficos mostraram diferença significante entre a população considerada assintomática, com exceção da incidência pélvica (p< 0,005). Conclusões O alinhamento espinopélvico foi normal em pacientes com FTE sem déficit neurológico tratados de forma não operatória e operatória, após acompanhamento mínimo de 19 meses. Entretanto, estes pacientes apresentaram maior média de versão pélvica e de discrepância entre lordose lombar e incidência pélvica quando comparados com os valores de referência da população brasileira.

Correlation between types of mindset and quality of life evaluation in patients with scoliosis / Correlação entre os tipos de mentalidade e avaliação da qualidade de vida em pacientes com escoliose

ABSTRACT Scoliosis is a pathology with multiple etiologies that leads to aesthetic changes, increased morbidity and, especially, psychological damage. Objective: This work aims to compare two mindset types (fixed and growth) and assess levels of quality of life in individuals with scoliosis. Methods: Two questionnaires, Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) and Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associated with the "Health Mindset Scale," were used. We applied the SRS-30 to patients who were independent or whose diagnosis of spinal deformity occurred after the age of 10 years. For patients diagnosed before the age of 10 or who presented dependence due to cognitive impairment, caregivers were subjected to the "Health Mindset Scale" and EOSQ-24 questionnaires. Results: The sample consisted of 35 patients aged from 4 to 46 years, the majority aged from 15 to 18 years old (42.9%), female (71.4%), and with neuromuscular scoliosis (28.6%). The only significant result (p = 0.060) was the increase in pain/discomfort scores in the EOSQ-24 for a patient with a growth mindset. Lastly, there was no statistical difference between groups, however, in patients with a growth mindset, there was a tendency (p = 0.060) to have a higher pain/discomfort score, assessed via the EOSQ-24 score, reported by the caregiver. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study.

RESUMO A escoliose é uma patologia com múltiplas etiologias e que acarreta alterações estéticas, aumento de morbidade e principalmente danos psicológicos. Objetivo: Comparar dois tipos de mindset (fixo e construtivo) e o nível de qualidade de vida. Métodos: Foram utilizados dois questionários, o Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) e o Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associados à escala Health Mindset Scale. Aplicamos o SRS-30 em pacientes independentes ou cujo diagnóstico de deformidade na coluna ocorreu após os 10 anos. Já no caso de pacientes com diagnóstico antes dos 10 anos ou que apresentassem dependência devido a dificuldades cognitivas, os cuidadores foram submetidos à Health Mindset Scale e ao EOSQ-24. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 35 pacientes com idades entre 4 e 46 anos, sendo a maioria entre 15 e 18 anos (42,9%), do sexo feminino (71,4%) e com escoliose do tipo neuromuscular (28,6%). O único resultado com significância (p = 0,060) foi o aumento dos escores de dor/desconforto nos questionários EOSQ-24 em paciente com mindset de crescimento. Por fim, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, porém, em pacientes com mindset construtivo, houve tendência (p = 0,060) de maior escore de dor/desconforto avaliado por meio do EOSQ-24 e referido pelo cuidador. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo Comparativo.

Study on pediatric scoliosis patients at hospital santa casa de misericórdia in são paulo / Estudo sobre pacientes com escoliose pediátrica no hospital santa casa de misericórdia de são paulo / Estudio sobre pacientes pediátricos con escoliosis en el hospital santa casa de misericórdia de são paulo

ABSTRACT: Objective: To carry out registration of patients with scoliosis under 18 years old, followed in a quarternary hospital of high complexity, who need surgical treatment, aiming to identify the reasons for the delay in treatment. Methods: Data collection was carried out in person and by spontaneous demand at the spinal orthopedic specialty outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital of high complexity from January 2021 to December 2022. The results were compiled in the networked database (Red Cap®). Result: 59 patients were evaluated, 45 female (77.9%) and 14 male (22.1%), with a mean age of 13.7 years. Etiology: 30 idiopathic (50.8%), eight syndromic (13.5%), 11 neuromuscular (18.6%), and ten congenital (16.9%). Of the total, 46 (77.9%) were awaiting surgery and 13 (22.1%) were undergoing conservative treatment. The main causes of treatment delay: unavailability of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (19 - 41.3%); unavailability of specific surgical material (16 - 34.8%); difficulty of referral to our institution (6 - 13.1%); loss to follow-up (3 - 6.5%) and limitation in casting making (2 - 4.3%). The mean time between diagnosis and the first consultation is 17.25 months (0 - 140). The average surgical wait until December/2022 was 38.4 months (1 - 156). Conclusion: There is a lack of assistance in the steps of monitoring and treatment in the public health system, from directing the patient with scoliosis to the specialized center to performing the surgical procedure, mainly due to limitations in the use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring and the unavailability of specific materials to perform highly complex surgeries. Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the Results of Treatment.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever a epidemiologia de pacientes, menores de 18 anos, com escoliose que aguardam cirurgia em hospital quaternário de alta complexidade e observar os motivos que acarretam atrasos no tratamento. Métodos: Coleta de dados presencial e espontaneamente no ambulatório de ortopedia da coluna vertebral num hospital de alta complexidade, de janeiro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022. Os resultados foram compilados no banco de dados (Red Cap®). Resultados: Foram avaliados 59 pacientes, 45 mulheres (77,9%) e 14 homens (22,1%), com média etária de 13,7 anos. Etiologia: 30 idiopáticas (50,8%), 8 sindrômicas (13,5%), 11 neuromusculares (18,6%) e 10 congênitas (16,9%). Do total, 46 (77,9%) aguardam cirurgia e 13 (22,1%) estavam em tratamento conservador. As principais causas de atraso do tratamento cirúrgico foram: indisponibilidade de monitoração neurofisiológica intraoperatória (19 - 41,3%); indisponibilidade de implantes para escoliose (16 - 34,8%); dificuldade no referenciamento para instituição (6 - 13,1%); perda de seguimento (3 - 6,5%) e limitação na confecção de colete (2 - 4,3%). Tempo médio entre diagnóstico e primeiro atendimento de 17,25 meses (0 - 140). A média de espera cirúrgica até dezembro/2022 era 38,4 meses (1 - 156). Conclusão: Há carência assistencial nas etapas do acompanhamento e no tratamento no Sistema Único de Saúde, desde o direcionamento do paciente com escoliose ao centro especializado até a realização do procedimento cirúrgico, sobretudo devido à limitação na utilização de monitoração neurofisiológica intraoperatória e indisponibilidade de materiais específicos para realização de cirurgias de alta complexidade. Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Describir la epidemiología de los pacientes menores de 18 años con escoliosis en un hospital cuaternario de alta complejidad y observar los motivos que llevan a retrasos en el tratamiento. Métodos: Recolección de datos presencial y espontánea en el ambulatorio de ortopedia de columna, de enero 2021 a diciembre 2022. Los resultados fueron recopilados en la base de datos (Red Cap®). Resultado: Se evaluaron 59 pacientes, 45 mujeres (77,9%) y 14 hombres (22,1%), con una edad promedio de 13,7 años. Etiología: 30 idiopáticas (50,8%), 8 sindrómicas (13,5%), 11 neuromusculares (18,6%) y 10 congénitas (16,9%). Del total, 46 (77,9%) estaban pendientes de cirugía y 13 (22,1%) estaban en tratamiento conservador. Las principales causas de retraso en el tratamiento quirúrgico fueron: indisponibilidad de monitorización neurofisiológica intraoperatoria (19 - 41,3%); indisponibilidad de implantes para escoliosis (16 - 34,8%); dificultad para hacer referencia a la institución (6 - 13,1%); pérdida de seguimiento (3 - 6,5%) y limitación en la confección de un chaleco (2 - 4,3%). Tiempo promedio diagnóstico y primera atención de 17,25 meses (0 - 140). Espera quirúrgica promedio: hasta diciembre/2022 fue de 38,4 meses (1 - 156). Conclusión: Existe falta de asistencia en las etapas de seguimiento y tratamiento en el Sistema Único de Salud, desde la dirección del paciente con escoliosis al centro especializado hasta la realización del procedimiento quirúrgico, debido principalmente a la limitación en el uso de instrumentos neurofisiológicos intraoperatorios. Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Thoracolombar burst fractures: short fixation, without arthrodesis and without removal of the implant / Fratura toracolombar explosão: fixação curta, sem artrodese e sem a retirada do implante

ABSTRACT Objectives: To present the functional outcomes, through the first case series in our country, of patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures (A3,A4), submitted to short posterior fixation, without arthrodesis and without removal of the implants, until the end of the minimum follow-up of one year. Methods: Fifty five patients consecutively treated between January/2010 and January/2019 were evaluated through medical records and imaging exams. Radiographic analysis was performed by mea suring local and segmental kyphosis using the Cobb method. Functional assessment was analyzed using the non-specific SF-36 questionnaire and the 1983 Denis pain and work-specific questionnaire, applied after 12 months of follow-up. Results: With a loss of five patients (9%), 22 (44%) patients reported having minimal and occasional pain and 8 (16%) patients reported having no pain. Three (6%) patients responded that they were completely incapacitated. Patients had a mean score of 73.16 points in the SF-36 domains. There was a significant reduction in kyphosis in 12 months (9.1±5.2 [min-max 0-22]) compared to the preoperative period (14.9±7.8 [min-max 0-32]) ( p≤0.01). One patient required implant removal due to the symptomatic prominence of the implant. Conclusion: This case series suggests that the technique leads to satisfactory functional results, without implant failure or significant kyphosis after a minimum follow-up of 12 months of treatment. Evidence Level IV; Case series.

RESUMO Objetivo: Apresentar os desfechos funcionais, mediante primeira série de casos no nosso meio, de pacientes com fratura toracolombar do tipo explosão (A3, A4), submetidos a fixação posterior curta, sem artrodese e sem retirada dos implantes, até o final do acompanhamento mínimo de um ano. Métodos: Foram avaliados, por meio de prontuários e exames de imagem, 55 pacientes consecutivamente tratados entre Janeiro/2010 e Janeiro/2019. A análise radiográfica foi realizada medindo a cifose local e segmentar, pelo método de Cobb. A avaliação funcional analisada por meio do questionário inespecífico SF-36 e questionário específico de dor e trabalho de Denis de 1983, aplicados após os 12 meses de seguimento. Resultados: Com perda de cinco pacientes (9%), 22 (44%) pacientes relataram ter dor mínima e ocasional e 8 (16%) pacientes responderam não ter dor. Três (6%) pacientes responderam que estavam completamente incapacitados. Os pacientes tiveram uma pontuação média de 73,16 pontos nos domínios do SF-36. Houve redução significativa da cifose em 12 meses (9,1±5,2 [min-máx 0-22]) na comparação com o pré-operatório (14,9±7,8 [min-máx 0-32]) (p≤0,01). Um paciente necessitou de retirada do implante em razão da proeminência sintomática do implante. Conclusão: Esta série de casos sugere que a técnica leva a resultados funcionais satisfatórios, sem falha do implante ou cifose pós-traumática após acompanhamento mínimo de 12 meses de tratamento. Nível de Evidência IV; Série de casos.

A Simple Double-Spin Closed Method for Preparing Platelet-Rich Plasma.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze a new protocol for the extraction of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for use in clinical practice and compare this technique with methods that have been previously described in the medical literature. METHODS: Sixteen blood samples from healthy volunteers were collected. PRP was prepared using our new double-spin technique, consisting of successive centrifugation of blood samples with two different spins, without opening the container. Descriptive analysis of cell counts in baseline and PRP samples was undertaken. Comparison between cell and platelet count in baseline and PRP samples, as well as the statistical analysis, were done. RESULTS: The mean platelet concentration ratio was 3.47 (SD: 0.85; 95% CI: 3.01-3.92; range: 2.48-5.71). The baseline whole blood platelet count correlated positively to the PRP platelet count (rP = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.09-0.88; P = 0.023). The PRP was enriched for lymphocytes and monocytes but presented significantly lower counts of neutrophils and eosinophils in comparison to baseline. CONCLUSION:  Results show a safe and easily reproducible method to obtain PRP for use in clinical daily practice.

Anatomic and functional analysis of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis / Avaliação anatômica e funcional da cifose torácica e lordose lombar / Análisis anatómica y funcionalde la cifosis torácica y la lordosis lumbar

ABSTRACT Objective: Rate and compare radiographic measurements of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis using anatomical and dynamic parameters. Methods: Measurements were performed on lateral radiographs of 10 adults of both sexes without spinal disease or deformity. Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis were measured using anatomical parameters (T1-T12, T4-T12, T5-T12 and L1-S1) or dynamic parameters (cervicothoracic or thoracolumbar inflection point). Results: Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis were different in 30% of subjects. Differences in thoracic kyphosis values were observed according to the anatomical reference used for measurement. Lumbar lordosis wasn`t statistical difference considering the anatomical or dynamic reference, but in 30% of the individuals the inflection point was different from the anatomical reference. Conclusions: Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis values differ according to anatomical and dynamic references. The reference used must be considered in the measurement and interpretation of values. Level of evidence IV; Case series.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar as mensurações radiográficas da cifose torácica e lordose lombar utilizando parâmetros anatômicos e dinâmicos. Métodos: As mensurações foram realizadas nas radiografias em perfil de 10 adultos de ambos os sexos sem doença ou deformidade da coluna vertebral. A cifose torácica e a lordose lombar foram mensuradas utilizando parâmetros anatômicos (T1-T12,T4-T12, T5-T12 e L1-S1) ou dinâmicos (ponto de inflexão cervicotorácico ou toracolombar) Resultados: As referências anatômicas e dinâmicas para a identificação da cifose torácica e lordose lombar foram diferentes em 30% dos indivíduos. Foi observado diferença dos valores da cifose torácica de acordo com a referência anatômica utilizada para a mensuração. A lordose lombar não apresentou diferença estatística considerando a referência anatômica ou dinâmica, mas em 30% dos indivíduos o ponto de inflexão era diferente da referência anatômica. Conclusões: Os valores da cifose torácica e lordose lombar apresentam diferenças de acordo com as referências anatômicas e dinâmicas. A referência utilizada deve ser considerada na mensuração e interpretação dos valores. Nível de evidência IV; Série de casos.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Calificar y comparar medidas radiográficas de cifosis torácica y lordosis lumbar utilizando parámetros anatómicos y dinámicos. Métodos: Las mediciones se realizaron en radiografías laterales de 10 adultos de ambos sexos sin enfermedad o deformidad de la columna. La cifosis torácica y la lordosis lumbar se midieron mediante parámetros anatómicos (T1-T12, T4-T12, T5-T12 y L1-S1) o dinámicos (punto de inflexión cervicotorácico o toracolumbar). Resultados: La cifosis torácica y la lordosis lumbar fueron diferentes en el 30% de los sujetos. Se observaron diferencias en los valores de cifosis torácica según la referencia anatómica utilizada para la medición. La lordosis lumbar no fue diferencia estadística considerando la referencia anatómica o dinámica, pero en el 30% de los individuos el punto de inflexión fue diferente de la referencia anatómica. Conclusiones: Los valores de cifosis torácica y lordosis lumbar difieren según referencias anatómicas y dinámicas. La referencia utilizada debe ser considerada en la medición e interpretación de los valores. Nivel de evidencia IV; Series de casos.

Impact of the sitting position on lumbar lordosis and its correlation with pelvic parameters / Impacto da posição sentada na lordose lombar e sua correlação com parâmetros pélvicos / Impacto de la posición sentada en la lordosis lumbar y su correlación con parámetros pélvicos

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluateboth the correlation between lumbar accommodation and pelvic parametersin different types of lordosis and the participation of different lumbar segments in the accommodation of lordosis in the standing and sitting positions. Methods: A retrospective study analyzingpatient images in standing and sitting positions. Correlations were conducted among the measured data: Cobb angle of the lumbar lordosis (LL,type of lordosis, pelvic incidence (PI),sacral slope (SS),pelvic tilt (PT), and the angulation of the L1-L2/L2-L3/L3-L4/L4-L5/L5-S1 segments. Results: Fortypatients were included, 20 men and 20 women. The mean age was 60.8 (±11.5). Of these patients, 10.3% were classified as Roussouly type 2, 35.9% as type 3, 25.6% as type 3A, and 28.2%as type 4.There was a weakcorrelation between LL and PT, however, an inverse correlation between the two (r=-0.183 and p=0.264) was observed. SS hadthe strongest correlation with LL (r> 0.75). Only the correlation between LL and PI was stronger when sitting than standing (p=0.014). The pelvic parameters and angulations of the segments and lumbar discs when standing and sitting were different (p<0.05). In both positions, there was a difference in the contribution of the segments to the LL (p<0.001). On average, the differences in LL between standing and sitting wereequal among theRoussouly classifications (p=0.332). Conclusions: There was a correlation between the LL and the pelvic parameters, being more evident with the SS than with the other parameters. There was no difference in the accommodation of the LL in the different Roussouly types either standing or sitting. Regardless of the position,the L4-S1 segments were predominant in the composition of LL. Level of evidence IV; Retrospective.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre a acomodação lombar eos parâmetros pélvicosem diferentes tipos de lordose coma participação dos seguimentos lombares na acomodação da lordose nas posições ortostáticae sentada. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de análise de imagens de pacientes em ortostasia e sentados. Foi realizada correlação entre os dados mensurados: ângulo de Cobb da lordose lombar (LL); tipo de lordose; incidência pélvica (IP); inclinação sacral (IS); versão pélvica (VP) e angulação dos seguimentos L1-L2, L2-L3/L3-L4/L4-L5, L5-S1. Resultados: Foram incluídos 40 pacientes, 20 homens e 20 mulheres. Média de idade 60,8 anos (±11,5). Desses pacientes, 10,3% foram classificados como tipo 2 de Roussouly, 35,9% como tipo 3, 25,6% como tipo 3A e 28,2% como tipo 4. Observou-se baixa correlação entreLL eVP que, no entanto, apresentou correlação inversa entre as duas (r=-0,183 e p=0,264). A IS apresentou maior correlação com a LL (r>0,75). Apenas a correlação da LL com IPfoi maior na posição sentadado que na ortostática (p=0,014). Os parâmetros pélvicos, as angulações dos seguimentos e discos lombares em ortostasia e sentado apresentaram diferença entre si (p<0,05). Em ambas as posições houve diferença na contribuição dos seguimentos na LL (p<0,001). As diferenças da LL entre ortostasia e sentado foram em média iguais entre as classificações de Roussouly (p=0,332). Conclusões: Houve correlação da LL com os parâmetros pélvicos, sendo mais evidente com a IS do que com os demais parâmetros. Não houve diferença na acomodação da LL nos diferentes tipos de Roussouly em ortostasia ou sentado. Independentementeda posição, L4-S1 são predominantes na composição da LL. Nível de Evidência IV; Estudo Retrospectivo.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación entre la acomodación lumbar y los parámetros pélvicos en diferentes tipos de lordosis con la participación de los segmentos lumbares en la acomodación de la lordosis en posición ortostática y sentada. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de análisis de imágenes de pacientes en ortostasis y sentados. Se realizó la correlación entre los datos medidos: ángulo de Cobb de la lordosis lumbar (LL); tipo de lordosis; incidencia pélvica (IP); pendiente sacra (PS); versión pélvica (VP) y angulación de los segmentos L1-L2/L2-L3/L3-L4/L4-L5/L5-S1. Resultados: Se incluyeron 40 pacientes, 20 hombres y 20 mujeres. La edad media fue de 60,8 (±11,5). De estos pacientes, el 10,3% fueron clasificados como tipo 2 de Roussouly, el 35,9% tipo 3, el 25,6% tipo 3A y el 28,2% como tipo 4. Se observó baja correlación de LL con VP, que, sin embargo,presentó una correlación inversa entre ambas (r= -0,183 y p=0,264). La PSpresentó la mayor correlación con la LL (r> 0,75). Solo la correlación de la LL con IP fue mayor en la posición sentada que en la ortostática (p=0,014). Los parámetros pélvicos, las angulaciones de los segmentos y los discos lumbares en ortostasis y posición sentadapresentaron una diferenciaentre ellos (p<0,05). En ambas posiciones, hubo una diferencia en la contribución de los segmentos a la LL (p<0,001). Las diferencias de LL entre ortostasis y posición sentada fueron, en promedio, iguales entre las clasificaciones de Roussouly (p=0,332). Conclusiones: Hubo una correlación entre la LL y los parámetros pélvicos, siendo más evidente con la PS que con los demás parámetros. No hubo diferencia en la acomodación de la LL en los diferentes tipos de Roussouly en ortostasis o posición sentada. Independientemente de la posición, L4-S1 predominan en la composición de la LL. Nivel de Evidencia IV; Estudio Retrospectivo.

Kyphoplasty versus vertebroplasty in vertebral compression fractures: a meta-analysis / Cifoplastia vs. vertebroplastia em fraturas por compressão vertebral: uma metanálise / Cifoplastia versus vertebroplastia en fracturas por compresión vertebral: un metaanálisis

ABSTRACT Introduction: Vertebral fracture is the main complication of osteoporosis and is common among the elderly. Conservative treatment is the first choice for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) but for persistent painful cases, percutaneous vertebral cement augmentation techniques, such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, are indicated. We performed a systematic review to compare clinical and radiological outcomes of both methods. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The PICO search strategy consisted of the following terms: Population- Patients with OVCFs; Intervention- Kyphoplasty; Control- Vertebroplasty; Outcomes- Pain, Cement Leakage, Vertebral Body Height, Adjacent level fractures, Oswestry (ODI) and SF36. Results: Seven articles were included in the qualitative analysis, selecting only randomized controlled trials. Four hundred and fifty patients were treated with vertebroplasty (VP) and 469 with kyphoplasty (KP). The leakage rate of the VP group was 63% versus 14% for the KP group. However, these results were without statistical significance. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), ODI and SF-36 outcomes were evaluated based on the 6-month and 1-year follow-up results, and we were unable to find any significant differences between treatments. For restoration of vertebral height, the values of the KP group were, on average, 0.71 cm higher than those of the VP group, with 95% CI. Conclusion: Based on this systematic review, kyphoplasty is superior to vertebroplasty for achieving gains in vertebral body height. As regards cement leakage and other clinical outcomes, neither method showed statistically significant superiority. Level of Evidence I; Systematic review.

RESUMO Introdução: A fratura vertebral é a principal complicação da osteoporose e ocorre com frequência em idosos. O tratamento conservador é a primeira escolha para fraturas compressivas vertebrais por osteoporose (FCVO), mas para casos dolorosos persistentes, as técnicas de cimentação vertebral, como vertebroplastia e cifoplastia, são indicadas. Realizamos uma revisão sistemática para comparar os resultados clínicos e radiológicos de ambos os métodos. Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com o PRISMA e o Manual Cochrane de Revisões Sistemáticas. A estratégia de busca PICO foi: População - Pacientes com FCVOs; Intervenção - Cifoplastia; Controle - Vertebroplastia; Resultados - Dor, Extravazamento de Cimento, Altura do Corpo Vertebral, Fraturas em Nível Adjacente, Oswestry (ODI) e SF36. Resultados: Sete artigos foram incluídos na análise qualitativa, somente ensaios clínicos randomizados. Quatrocentos e cinquenta pacientes foram tratados com vertebroplastia (VP) e 469 com cifoplastia (CP). A taxa de extravazamento de cimento do grupo VP foi de 63% contra 14% do CP, no entanto, não atingiu significância estatística. Os desfechos da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), ODI e SF-36 foram avaliados considerando os resultados de seis meses e um ano de seguimento e não pudemos apontar diferenças entre os tratamentos. Por fim, a CP apresenta valores médios 0,71 cm maiores do que a VP para a restauração da altura do corpo vertebral, com IC de 95%. Conclusão: Nesta revisão sistemática a cifoplastia foi superior à vertebroplastia para ganho de altura do corpo vertebral. Não houve superioridade estatisticamente significativa entre os dois métodos para extravazamento de cimento e outros resultados clínicos. Nível de Evidência I; Revisão sistemática

RESUMEN Introducción: La fractura vertebral es la principal complicación de la osteoporosis y ocurre con frecuencia en los ancianos. El tratamiento conservador es la primera opción para las fracturas vertebrales por compresión debidas a la osteoporosis (FCVO), pero para los casos de dolor persistente están indicadas las técnicas de cementación vertebral, como la vertebroplastia y la cifoplastia. Se realizó una revisión sistemática para comparar los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de ambos métodos. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de acuerdo con la declaración PRISMA y el Manual Cochrane de Revisiones Sistemáticas. La estrategia de búsqueda PICO fue: Población: Pacientes con FCVO; Intervención: Cifoplastia; Control- Vertebroplastia; Resultados: Dolor, Extravasación del cemento, Altura del Cuerpo Vertebral, Fracturas de Nivel Adyacente, Oswestry (ODI) y SF36. Resultados: Se incluyeron siete artículos en el análisis cualitativo, sólo ensayos clínicos aleatorios. Cuatrocientos cincuenta pacientes fueron tratados con vertebroplastia (VP) y 469 con cifoplastia (CP). La tasa de extravasación de cemento en el grupo VP fue del 63% frente al 14% en el CP, sin embargo, no alcanzó significancia estadística. Los resultados de la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), ODI y SF-36 se evaluaron teniendo en cuenta los resultados de 6 meses y 1 año de seguimiento y no pudimos señalar diferencias entre los tratamientos.. Finalmente, el CP presenta valores promedios 0,71 cm superiores al VP para restaurar la altura del cuerpo vertebral, con un IC del 95%. Conclusión: En esta revisión sistemática, la cifoplastia fue superior a la vertebroplastia para el aumento de altura del cuerpo vertebral. No hubo una superioridad estadísticamente significativa entre los dos métodos para la extravasación del cemento y otros resultados clínicos. Nivel de Evidencia I; Revisión sistemática.